A B S T R A C TThe present study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting improving the Quality of urban housing. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the research was the residents of 8 residential complexes of Atabak neighborhood in District 15 of Tehran. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified in the form of face and face validity, as well as divergent validity and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Analysis of data and information was done using SPSS and PLS software. The findings of this research showed Physical Quality with a path coefficient of 0.368, the variable of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, the variable of housing social conditions with a path coefficient of 0.169, and environmental Quality with a path coefficient of 0.302 has a positive and significant impact on housing Quality. According to the path coefficient obtained for the research variables, the amount of their impact on housing Quality is evaluated as average. Among the identified factors, the factor of Physical Quality with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact, and the factor of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339 is ranked second. Also, this factor has a positive and significant effect on the Physical Quality factor of housing.Extended AbstractIntroductionAtabak neighborhood is one of the neighborhoods of District 15 of Tehran. In this neighborhood, Physical changes have been made according to the interventions of the Tehran municipality in line with the implementation of the urban landscape plan and organized (inflow of private sector capital) in different years so far. Along with these interventions, the inadequacy of infrastructure and services to meet the population's needs has become this neighborhood's basic problem. Attention to its qualitative aspect needs to be addressed. This matter is important from the point of view of providing the city's basic needs, equitable distribution of facilities and resources, reducing urban inequalities, improving economic-social indicators, preventing unbridled and unplanned expansion, and ultimately improving the Quality of life of the people. It demands that the Quality of housing and the factors affecting it be evaluated and that a double effort be made to improve it, and it can provide a suitable context for providing suitable models of housing Quality for citizens. Considering the mentioned cases, this research aims to answer the question:- What are the effective factors in improving the Quality of housing? MethodologyThe current research is descriptive-analytical. In terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Two library and field methods have collected the information needed for this research. In the field method, primary data collection has been done according to the research questions by designing a 5-scale Likert scale questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was the residents of Mobaat, Minabi, Atabek, Shahrak Sajjadieh, Yas, Zahid Gilani, Shahid Asadi, and Safa residential complexes located in Atabak neighborhood of District 15 of Tehran. The statistical population was equal to 20469 people, and based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected; the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in the form of face and face validity as well as divergent validity. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability were used, and according to the results presented in the research findings section, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. The data obtained from this research were analyzed using structural modeling using SPSS and PLS software. Results and discussion This research showed that Physical Quality has a positive and significant effect on improving housing Quality; according to the value of the obtained path coefficient, which is equal to 0.368, the value of this effect is considered moderate. Based on the results, it can be said that Physical dimensions, such as the Physical crystallization of housing, are the most objective and material issues in housing evaluation, analysis, and planning. Concerning the impact of access to urban services on the Quality of housing, the findings indicated a significant impact of access to urban services. In explaining the results of this section, it can be said that gradually, the housing is changing from a single purpose to a shelter. Those other aspects of welfare and social comfort are also added; the limits of enjoying services and access to the essentials of life are shown to evaluate the housing Quality. These indicators are very important in determining housing Quality and are an integral part of housing planning. Access to urban housing services is considered one of the main indicators of life, which the Population Crisis Committee has used to measure Quality in the world's metropolises. In relation to social conditions and environmental Quality on the Quality of housing, the results of this research confirmed the impact of the social environment and environmental Quality on the Quality of housing. Creating residential spaces is a topic that has been discussed previously. From the beginning, human beings have tried to create a favorable living environment that matches the Quality conditions of their residence's social and environmental environment. ConclusionThis research was written to explain the factors affecting improving the Quality of urban housing. The findings of this research showed that among the studied factors, the Physical Quality factor with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact on improving the Quality of urban housing in Tehran, such that this factor can explain 13.5% of the variance of the housing Quality condition variable. Physical Quality is defined based on the structural basis of a building and is often defined in the form of rules and standards related to it. The Physical Quality is sometimes interpreted as the appearance of buildings. Since they are fixed and real things, they are the reason for the emergence of general indicators for housing evaluation. The second factor is access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, so this factor can explain 11.4% of the variance of the housing Quality condition variable. This factor has been ranked second regarding the impact on housing Quality according to the path coefficient value obtained. In third place was the factor of environmental Quality with the path coefficient value of 0.302, and this factor can explain 1.9% of the variance of the variable of housing Quality. Moreover, in the last place is the factor of housing social conditions, which has a path coefficient of 0.196. Also, from the other results of this research, we can mention the positive effect of access to the Quality of urban services on the improvement of the Physical condition of housing, and the value of the path coefficient obtained for this effect is equal to 0.623 so that it is 38.8% of the variance of the variable. FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionThe authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approthe contenttent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestThe authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Background: The expansion of the use of audio and video media technology has faced society with many medical, cultural and economic challenges. In the meantime, excessive use of mobile phones can cause many problems. Objective: The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on Physical and psychological injuries of mobile phones. Method: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational and confirmatory factor analysis. The statistical population of the study consisted of all citizens of Khorramabad with a diploma or higher in 1399, which was selected as a statistical sample by available sampling method of 200 people online and virtual. Results: The results showed that the factorized Physical and psychological harm questionnaire of cell phone with 42 questions and 10 components (fear of loss, vibration syndrome, duck syndrome, nomophobia, insomnia, hearing problem, eye syndrome, tunnel and neck syndrome SMS) and has good reliability, validity and flexibility in terms of psychometrics. Discussion and Conclusion: The questionnaire of factor analysis of Physical and psychological injuries of mobile phones can be used to identify and study the Physical and psychological injuries of mobile phones.

ABSTRACT Despite a wide range of components and criteria affecting travel behavior presented through empirical research, the results of these studies are inconclusive, which could be due to the difference between these components and criteria in the study areas. Therefore, this research presented a method to determine which factors in different Physical developments affect travel behavior due to the differences in various Physical developments. The required information was collected through 271 questionnaires at the level of three neighborhoods of Monirieh, Koye Bimeh, and Koye Golestan in Tehran, Iran, as the old, conventional, and new neighborhoods, respectively. ANOVA test was exerted to analyze the significant difference between different development patterns in three neighborhoods. Dunnett's T3 was applied to determine which neighborhood caused the difference between groups. Also, the factors affecting travel behavior were obtained based on exploratory factor analysis indicators. Finally, by comparing the results of the ANOVA test and regression analysis, it was discovered that factors such as car ownership, dependence and pro-liking for private cars, density and access to educational centers and parks, access to medical and service centers, and variety and density of retail stores had been introduced as the factors affecting travel behavior due to the differences in development patterns. However, proximity to the public transportation station, accessibility preferences in choosing a residence, dependence, and pro-liking for other than a private car, having a license, number of children under five years old, and age have influenced travel behavior regardless of the variation between neighborhoods. Extended Abstract Introduction Finding factors affecting travel behavior has been one of the main concerns of transportation planners. However, in the last two decades, the importance of the influence of the features of the built environment, including land use, along with demographic-economic characteristics, travel behavior, and attitudes of people, has been raised by urban planners. Studies seek to find factors affecting travel behavior, especially land use characteristics. Despite presenting a wide range of components and criteria affecting travel behavior, the results of the studies are inconclusive, which could be due to the difference between these components and criteria in the study areas. Therefore, this research presented a method to determine which factors in different Physical developments affect travel behavior due to the differences in various Physical developments. In order to do this, it must first be determined whether the study areas/different development patterns have a significant difference in terms of travel behavior or not. In case of a positive answer to the previous question, the following question is which study areas caused this difference. The next question arises: -Which Physical and non-Physical characteristics affect travel behavior due to distinctions between different development patterns?   Methodology The present research method is analytical and experimental based on quantitative methods. This research chose the frequency of travel by private car, public transportation, and walking as the travel behavior. According to the research's purpose, indicators and criteria affecting travel behavior were extracted after reviewing the theoretical and experimental literature. Then, the required information was collected through 271 questionnaires at the level of three neighborhoods of Monirieh, Koye Bimeh, and Koye Golestan as the old, conventional, and new neighborhoods, respectively. The questionnaire was compiled as a Likert scale in five parts of travel information, demographic-economic characteristics, perceptual characteristics of land use, travel habits, and access preferences of people in choosing their residence. ANOVA test was used to analyze the significant difference between different groups of a characteristic (here, different development patterns or the three case studies). Dunnett T3 was exerted to determine which neighborhood caused the difference between groups. Also, the factors affecting travel behavior were obtained based on exploratory factor analysis indicators. Finally, by comparing the results of the ANOVA test and regression analysis, it was discovered which factors affecting travel behavior were due to the differences in study areas and which factors affect travel behavior regardless of development patterns.   Results and discussion This research aims to identify the factors affecting travel behavior due to the differences in development patterns. In this regard, the findings in line with the first research question show that the frequency of three modes of travel, by private car, transportation, and pedestrian, differ significantly in the three neighborhoods. Furthermore, ANOVA test results depict that there is a significant difference between these three neighborhoods in terms of factors affecting travel behavior, such as perceptually environmental characteristics of the neighborhood, dependence and pro-liking for personal cars, variety and density of retail stores, density and access to educational units and parks, access to medical and service centers, and car ownership. Finally, by comparing the results of the ANOVA test with the regression analysis assessing the relationship between Physical and non-Physical factors (the same indicators in the same study areas) with travel behavior, the factors affecting travel behavior owing to different development patterns were identified. Factors such as car ownership, dependence and pro-liking for private cars, density and access to educational units and parks, access to medical and service centers, and variety and density of retail stores have been introduced as the factors affecting travel behavior due to the differences in development patterns. However, proximity to the public transportation station, accessibility preferences in choosing a place of residence, dependence, and pro-liking for other than a private car, having a certificate, number of children under five years old, and age have influenced on travel behavior regardless of the variation between neighborhoods (different Physical development patterns).   Conclusion In In order to discover the factors affecting travel behavior due to the differences in patterns of Physical development, this research has provided a more detailed analysis of the factors affecting travel behavior. It has achieved more accurate components than previous studies in this regard. Detailed analysis of studies related to travel behavior and finding the main components affecting it, considering the extent of variables and data, can pave the way for professionals in transportation planning and urban planning, in addition to providing detailed methods and criteria in the related literature.   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.   Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments  We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

1مقدّمه: همه گیری بیماری کرونا می تواند پیامدهای مهمی بر سلامت جسمی، روانی و کیفیت زندگی پرستاران داشته باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات تنفّسی- بدنی مبتنی بر یوگا بر خستگی و کیفیت زندگی پرستاران مراقبت های ویژه در طی پاندمی کووید 19 انجام شده است. روش کار: مطالعه حاضر یک کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی است. پس از کسب رضایت نامه آگاهانه کتبی، 60 پرستار شاغل در بخش های مراقبت ویژه بیمارستان امیرالمؤمنین شهر اراک به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و سپس به روش بلوک بندی تصادفی در دو گروه مداخله (30) و کنترل (30) قرار گرفتند. تمرینات تنفّسی- بدنی مبتنی بر یوگا در گروه مداخله سه بار در هفته به مدت 35 دقیقه در چهار هفته انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسش نامه شدت خستگی پرستاران و پرسش نامه کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی بود که قبل و بعداز مداخله در هر دو گروه تکمیل شد. داده ها ازسوی آزمون های کای دو، من ویتنی، تی مستقل و تی زوجی در نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 19 تجزیه وتحلیل شدند. یافته ها: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد میانگین نمره شدت خستگی در گروه مداخله قبل از مداخله 13/91 ± 60/33 و بعداز مداخله 12/94±56/91بود که به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت (0/01p<)، اما بین میانگین نمره کیفیت زندگی گروه مداخله در مرحله قبل 10/09± 78/29 و بعداز مداخله 9/44 ± 78/08 اختلاف معنی داری مشاهده نشد (0/57=p).  نتیجه گیری: تمرینات تنفّسی-بدنی می تواند خستگی پرستاران بخش مراقبت های ویژه را کاهش دهد ولی بر کیفیت زندگی آن ها تأثیر ندارد. توصیه می شود تمرینات تنفّسی- بدنی مبتنی بر یوگا برای کاهش خستگی پرستاران بخش مراقبت های ویژه بکار برده شود.

مقدمه: سلامت انسان ها و در نتیجه سلامت جامعه، نقش موثری در توسعه و توانمندی جامعه دارد. سلامت، محور توسعه است و سطح سلامتی جامعه نیز از توسعه یافتگی آن تاثیر می پذیرد.هدف: هدف این پژوهش، بررسی برخی از شاخص های سلامت جسمی دانش آموزان پسر مقطع راهنمایی شهرستان گچساران در سال تحصیلی 1388 می باشد.مواد و روش ها: پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی می باشد. در این مطالعه تعداد 1000 دانش آموز پسر 14-12 ساله که در مدارس مقطع راهنمایی شهرستان گچساران مشغول به تحصیل بودند، به صورت نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب و مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات شامل پرسش نامه و برگه ثبت مشاهدات بود. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق مراجعه به مدارس و بررسی برخی از شاخص های سلامت جسمی دانش آموزان، تکمیل پرسش نامه توسط دانش آموزان و تکمیل برگه ثبت مشاهدات توسط پژوهشگر بر اساس مشاهده انجام شد، که جهت معاینه از ابزارهایی مانند: متر، ترازو، چارت اسنلن، دیاپازون، آبسلانگ، چراغ قوه و دستکش یک بار مصرف استفاده گردید.نتایج: نتایج حاصل نشان داد که میانه وزن و قد پسران در تمام گروه های سنی، از میانه استاندارد رشد پایین تر بود. به طور کلی وزن 4.6 درصد از دانش آموزان پایین تر از صدک سوم، 29.2 درصد بین صدک سوم تا پنجاهم، 54.3 درصد بین صدک پنجاهم تا نود و هفتم و 11.9 درصد آن ها بالاتر از صدک نود و هفتم قرار گرفته اند و به طور کلی قد 3.2 درصد از دانش آموزان پایین تر از صدک سوم، 32.6 درصد بین صدک سوم تا پنجاهم، 52.3 درصد بین صدک پنجاهم تا نود و هفتم و 11.9 درصد آن ها بالاتر از صدک نود و هفتم قرار گرفته اند. از نظر وضعیت بینایی، 25.8 درصد از آزمودنی ها، حداقل یک چشم دارای حدت بینایی کمتر از 0.9 داشتند. در رابطه با وضعیت شنوایی، 8.4 درصد دانش آموزان دچار کاهش شنوایی بودند. از نظر دندانی، 72 درصد دارای پوسیدگی بودند. هم چنین اسکولیوزیس، کیفوزیس و لوردوزیس به ترتیب در 6.8 درصد، 2.4 درصد و 3.9 درصد از دانش آموزان دیده شدند و تنها بین میزان تحصیلات پدر و میانگین تعداد فرزندان خانواده با دی ام اف تی، رابطه همبستگی وجود داشت.نتیجه گیری: یافته های این پژوهش، لزوم توجه بیشتر به بهداشت دهان و دندان، بهداشت تغذیه و ورزش، سلامت بینایی، شنوایی و دستگاه اسکلتی در نزد دانش آموزان را نشان می دهد.

زمینه و هدف: ارزیابی عملکرد، ابزار مهمی جهت اندازه گیری میزان دستیابی سازمان به اهداف کیفی و دستیابی به تعالی عملکرد است. از بین الگوهای تعالی سازمانی که در حال حاضر برای ارزیابی کیفیت خدمات در بیمارستان ها مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد، الگوی تعالی سازمانی بنیاد اروپایی مدیریت کیفیت (EFQM) با استقبال بیشتری روبه‎رو شده است. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی عملکرد بیمارستان شهید بهشتی قم بر اساس الگوی تعالی سازمانی EFQM و شناسایی نقاط قوت و نقاط نیازمند بهبود صورت گرفت.روش بررسی: این پژوهش به روش توصیفی - مقطعی در تابستان سال 1390 انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری، پرسشنامه استاندارد خودارزیابی بر اساس الگوی تعالی سازمانی EFQMبود. جامعه پژوهش مدیران ستادی بیمارستان بودند که از طریق سرشماری انتخاب شدند. داده ها در قالب معیارهای 9 گانه مدل EFQM جمع آوری و با استفاده از آزمون های توصیفی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.یافته ها: امتیازات بر اساس معیارهای 9 گانه مدلEFQM ، بدین ترتیب رهبری 48.4%، خط مشی و استراتژی 44.9%، کارکنان 48.6%، منابع و مشارکت ها 49.5%، فرآیندها 46.4%، نتایج مشتری 42.1%، نتایج کارکنان 38.6%، نتایج جامعه 44%، نتایج کلیدی عملکرد 42.4% به دست آمد.بیشترین و کمترین امتیاز به ترتیب مربوط به معیار منابع و شرکا و نتایج کارکنان بود. مجموع امتیازات بیمارستان 447 از 1000 محاسبه شد.نتیجه گیری: با توجه به اینکه روند ارزیابی در بیمارستان های هیات امنایی، علاوه بر استانداردهای اعتباربخشی، استفاده از مدل EFQM نیز می باشد، لذا در این پژوهش نقاط قوت و ضعف با استفاده از این مدل شناسایی و توصیه هایی به بیمارستان ارائه گردید.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using portulaca oleracea as a source of plant antioxidants for feeding fattening male lambs, on carcass traits, meat Quality, and oxidative stability. Twenty-one male lambs with an average weight of 24±1.5 kg and 150±15 days old were fed with one of the experimental rations included a diet without portulaca oleracea as control, a diet containing 7.5%, and a diet containing 15% portulaca oleracea, for 84 days. The muscle (Longissimus dorsi) samplewas used to determine pH, chemical composition, colorimetric properties, and oxidative stability of meat. Meat lipid oxidation was determined after 1, 7, and 30 days of refrigerated storage using thiobarbituric acid (TBARS). The use of portulaca oleracea in diets improved meat color characteristics such as L, chroma, and Hue. The highest ash concentration and the lowest meat moisture were observed in the treatment of 15% portulaca oleracea (P<0.05). Meat pH was the lowest in the first hour after slaughter but did not differ at 24 h. Compared to the control, in both treatment groups feeding the lambs with portulaca significantly reduced the concentration of Malondialdehyde in the meat of the lambs and increased the meat oxidative stability (P<0.05). The results of this experiment showed that feeding portulaca oleracea by improving properties such as color and increasing the meat oxidative stability improves meat Quality, which may have lead to an increase in its nutritional value in terms of human health.